A smooth walled tube is used in a 3000 m long pipeline carrying water at 15 °C between two reservoirs whose surface elevations are 6 m apart. Entry is sharp edged and the outlet is also abrupt to the...

A smooth walled tube is used in a 3000 m long pipeline carrying water at 15 °C between two reservoirs whose surface elevations are 6 m apart. Entry is sharp edged and the outlet is also abrupt to the downstream reservoir. The pipeline contains six 45° bends and two globe valves. Determine the necessary pipe diameter so that the discharge should be 28litres−1 to the lower reservoir. Take the equivalent length of each bend as 26.5 diameters, the valves as 75 diameters and the entry as 30 diameters.