A research study focusing on fear involves 30 parent/child pairs. Three hypotheses are tested in the study: (a) the number of fears reported by the parent is correlated with the number of fears...

A research study focusing on fear involves 30 parent/child pairs. Three hypotheses are tested in the study: (a) the number of fears reported by the parent is correlated with the number of fears reported by the child; (b) the degree of fear reported by the parent is correlated with the degree of fear reported by the child; and (c) the number of fears and the degree of fear reported by both the parent and the child are reduced by the introduction of a fear-reduction program. Both parent and child are given a fear survey schedule, which measures the number of fears reported. In addition, both parent and child are rated on an index of fear severity with a range of 1–7 (assume the rating scale is an ordinal scale). After the initial measures, parents are randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group receives a fear-reduction program while the other group receives no treatment. At the end of this part of the study, the fear survey schedule and the rating scale of fear intensity are administered again to all parents.