A nurse performing a spiritual assessment collects assess- ment data from a patient who is homebound and unable to participate in religious activities. Which NANDA-I–approved diagnostic label would...

A nurse performing a spiritual assessment collects assess-
ment data from a patient who is homebound and unable to

participate in religious activities. Which NANDA-I–approved
diagnostic label would the nurse use when assessment data
point to a spiritual problem that can be treated by independent
nursing intervention?
a. Spiritual Alienation
b. Spiritual Despair
c. Spiritual Distress
d. Spiritual Pain