A nulliparous client says that she and her husband plan to use a diaphragm with spermicide to prevent conception. Which of the following should the nurse include as the action of spermicides when...

A nulliparous client says that she and her husband plan to use a diaphragm with spermicide to prevent conception. Which of the following should the nurse include as the action of spermicides when teaching the client?

1. Destruction of spermatozoa before they enter the cervix.

2. Prevention of spermatozoa from entering the uterus.

3. A change in vaginal pH from acidic to alkaline.

4. Slowing of the movement of the migrating spermatozoa.