A mushroom harboring the Gram-positive bacterium C. fischoederii also harbors the Gram-negative bacterium P. frondae. It is known that very rarely, when those two bacteria co-inhabit a mushroom, a...

A mushroom harboring the Gram-positive bacterium C. fischoederii also harbors the Gram-negative bacterium P. frondae. It is known that very rarely, when those two bacteria co-inhabit a mushroom, a change in P. frondae’s genetic makeup can occur, allowing the mushroom to turn into the tasty blue mushroom known as the Wooly Neptune. What are the three distinct mechanisms that can explain how permanent change in the genetic makeup of P. frondae can occur, allowing it to become blue (and tasty)?