A fluid flows in laminar regime through either a circular channel, a concentric annulus with inner-to-outer radii ratio of 0.5, or a rectangular channel with cross section aspect ratio of 2. The channels have equal cross-sectional areas so that the fluid velocity is the same in all of them. Assume steady thermally developed flow in all of the channels.
a. Determine the ratios of the friction factor perimeter products for the three channels. (Use the circular channel as the reference.)
b. Determine the ratios of the heat transfer coefficient perimeter products for the three channels.
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