A conservation biologist is working on increasing population sizes of the silver-leaf lupine ( Lupinus albifrons) , which is the host plant for the endangered mission blue butterfly. Like many plants...

1. A conservation biologist is working on increasing population sizes of the silver-leaf lupine (Lupinus albifrons), which is the host plant for the endangered mission blue butterfly. Like many plants whose seeds have hard coats, germination in silver-leaf lupine is improved if the seedcoat is “scarified”—scratched or nicked before planting in order to help water penetrate to the embryo. The biologist tests time to germination associated with three different treatments: manual nicking with a razor blade (razor), a 30-minute acid bath in concentrated sulfuric acid (acid), and agitation between 2 pieces of sandpaper (sandpaper). Here are the data (time to germination of a seed, in days):

Razor: 15, 9, 12, 16, 14

Acid:  35, 38, 30, 49, 31

Sandpaper: 13, 25, 15, 21, 27
a) is this a fixed-effects or random-effects ANOVA? Explain how you know.

b) Fill in the ANOVA table below (you may write in by hand):

(ATTACHED)

c) What is the critical value of
F
for this experiment? Do you reject the null or not?

Extracted text: worksheet for SS original data (time to germination, days AcidSandpaper Acid Sandpaper 35 38 30 49 31 Razor Razor 13 25 15 21 27 15 12 16 14 sums error Grand mean Y df error MSerror roup df groups F-ratio MS groups