A baby holding its breath will (a) have brain cells damaged because of low blood oxygen levels, (b) automatically start to breathe again when the carbon dioxide levels in the blood reach a high enough value, (c) suffer heart damage because of increased pressure in the carotid sinus and aortic arch areas, (d) be called a “blue baby.”
The bulk of carbon dioxide is carried (a) chemically combined with the amino acids of hemoglobin as carbaminohemoglobin in the red blood cells, (b) as the ion HCO3 − in the plasma after first entering the red blood cell, (c) as carbonic acid in the plasma, (d) chemically combined with the heme portion of Hb.
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