A 56-year-old obese gentleman has undergone a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procedure. He is referred to the cardiac rehabilitation program to learn about strategies he can use to promote a...

A 56-year-old obese gentleman has undergone a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procedure. He is referred to the cardiac rehabilitation program to learn about strategies he can use to promote a healthy lifestyle. The health care provider informed him that he is a prime candidate for another heart attack. The client informs the nurse that he is not really interested in a major lifestyle change because he has been lucky all his life and is not worried about any further damage to his heart. These comments refer to the use of a(n) as a defense mechanism:

1. fantasy

2. undoing

3. denial

4. rationalization