A 50-year-old client who has retired to the country has been diagnosed with emphysema. The symptoms include mild chronic cough, wheezing, and fatigue. During assessment, the client denies smoking or...

A 50-year-old client who has retired to the country has been diagnosed with emphysema. The symptoms include mild chronic cough, wheezing, and fatigue. During assessment, the client denies smoking or any history of smoking. The client mentions eating a well-balanced diet and regularly exercising. The client likes outdoor activities but is fatigued most of the time recently. The client is worried about the diagnosis and asks the nurse why this has happened.

1. What kind of data provided by the client requires further validation? Give reasons.


2. How should the nurse validate the client’s information and findings?