71) Goals are initiated by the bottom level of an organization according to the hierarchy of goals approach to strategic planning.
72) The basic steps in the management planning process include setting objectives, determining alternative courses of action, and evaluating which options are best.
73) A firm's marketing plan typically guides every functional department within a firm, including sales, manufacturing, and finance.
74) The pro forma profit and loss statement on a firm's financial plan shows the revenue, cost, and profit/loss implications of a firm's marketing, production, and personnel plans.
75) Effective goals set by managers are specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and tentative.
76) According to goal-setting studies, assigned goals rather than participatively set goals consistently result in increased employee performance and reduced employee resistance.
77) A management objectives grid will most likely be used by a department manager to summarize for subordinates what their goals are in light of the department's goals.
78) There are seven steps in the strategic management process.
79) A mission statement is a general statement of a company's intended direction that evokes emotional feelings in the organization's members.
80) A vision statement is broader and more future-oriented than a mission statement.