41.An experienced employee helping less experienced ones solve work-related problems, thus leading to an improvement in the quality/quantity of the recipient’s performance is an example of _____.
a.organizational competence
b.organizational motivation
c.organizational citizenship behavior
d.organizational commitment behavior
42.Employees working harder and longer to link rewards to the quality and quantity of output is an example of HRM practices leading to _____.
a.quality-centered outcomes
b.competitive advantages
c.employee-centered outcomes
d.organization-centered outcomes
43.The invention of a new product resulting from an organization encouraging its work teams to be innovative, take risks, and assume a long-term perspective is an example of HRM practices leading to _____.
a.employee-centered outcomes
b.organization-centered outcomes
c.cost leadership
d.product differentiation
44.Which of the following organization-centered outcomes refers to the quantity, quality, and innovativeness of the product or service offered by a firm?
a.Image
b.Brand identity
c.Output
d.Reputation
45.Which of the following is not a behavior associated with organizational citizenship?
a.Giving help to others.
b.Participating in the political life of the organization.
c.Treating others with respect.
d.Performing tasks upto the minimum required level.
46.Good organizational citizens tend to engage in all the following EXCEPT:
a.willing to work overtime.
b.questioning all orders.
c.tolerating temporary impositions without fussing.
d.providing assistance with job-related activities.
47.Organization-centered outcomes associated with effective human resource management practices include all of the following EXCEPT:
a.employee retention.
b.legal compliance.
c.positive company image.
d.customer reputation.
48.Which of the following has not been found to effect employee retention?
a.Career growth and development opportunities
b.Fair pay
c.Employee empowerment
d.Hierarchy
49.Favorable organization-centered outcomes lead to _____.
a.employee-centered outcomes
b.job satisfaction
c.organizational citizenship
d.competitive advantage
50._____ can be achieved when the ratio of the number of units produced divided by the total cost of production is increased.
a.Cost leadership
b.Increased productivity
c.Product differentiation
d.Market segmentation