41) The foramen ovale in the heart normally closes
A) in the 2-month fetus.
B) in the 7-month fetus.
C) shortly after birth.
D) never.
42) Which vessel is most commonly used to bypass a damaged coronary artery in coronary bypass surgery?
A) azygos vein
B) great saphenous vein
C) femoral artery
D) internal carotid artery
43) What vessel in the fetus connects the pulmonary trunk to the aortic arch so that most of the blood bypasses the immature lungs?
A) ductus venosus
B) foramen ovale
C) ductus arteriosus
D) umbilical vein
44) Which of the following statements about arteries is
false?
A) Arterial walls are thicker than venous walls.
B) Arteries have a smaller lumen than veins of similar size.
C) Arteries carry oxygenated blood to the heart.
D) Arteries have more elastin than veins.
45) Which branch (or branches) of the abdominal aorta supplies the stomach?
A) celiac trunk
B) superior mesenteric artery
C) inferior phrenic arteries
D) suprarenal arteries
46) The cerebral arterial circle forms a loop around which structures?
A) the great vessels at the base of the heart
B) the internal and external carotid arteries
C) the cerebellum
D) the pituitary gland and the optic chiasma
47) A common theme to the development of atherosclerosis is
A) a ballooning out of the vessel walls.
B) a failure of the venous valves resulting in engorged and twisted vessels.
C) an accumulation of glycoproteins in the basement membrane of capillaries.
D) an inflammatory response to a damaged endothelium.
48) The abdominal aorta divides at its distal end into which arteries?
A) the femoral arteries
B) the internal iliac arteries
C) the external iliac arteries
D) the common iliac arteries
49) Which of the following is most likely to become a varicose vein?
A) the femoral vein
B) the saphenous vein
C) the popliteal vein
D) the fibular (peroneal) vein
50) Fenestrated capillaries
A) are located in the central nervous system.
B) have pores in their walls.
C) permit the movement of very few molecules.
D) occur in most of the organs of the body.