31.Which type of profit-sharing plan distributes a portion of each period’s earnings immediately and holds the rest in reserve for future distribution?
a.Mixed plans
b.Deferred plans
c.Distribution plans
d.Combination plans
32.All but which of the following are disadvantages associated with profit-sharing plans?
a.Profit-sharing plans only marginally address effort-performance-rewards links.
b.Profit-sharing plans are not always cost-efficient.
c.Profit-sharing plans have an adverse effect on employee retention rates.
d.Profit-sharing plans do not time rewards well.
33.____ programs can strengthen motivation by providing employees with the opportunity to attain intrinsic rewards from their work.
a.Employee empowerment
b.Performance appraisal
c.Productivity improvement
d.Job satisfaction
34.Which type of employee empowerment program involves managers and subordinates making joint decisions on a day-to-day basis?
a.Job enrichment programs
b.Job sharing programs
c.Formal participative decision-making programs
d.Informal participative decision-making programs
35.The participative decision-making program purportedly works well because it tailors the amount of employee empowerment to the:
a.employers’ needs.
b.employees’ needs.
c.job requirements.
d.specific situation.
36.In which of the following instances can employees be given full authority to make decisions in an participative decision-making program?
a.Employee vacation scheduling
b.Equipment purchases
c.Employee layoffs
d.Employee performance evaluations
37.____ aims to redesign jobs to be more intrinsically rewarding.
a.Job enlargement
b.Job accommodation
c.Job enrichment
d.Job rotation
38.Which type of jobs are good candidates for enrichment?
a.Jobs that lack intrinsic rewards.
b.Jobs that lack extrinsic rewards.
c.Jobs that require technical expertise.
d.Jobs that require decision-making capabilities.
39.____ is the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work.
a.Task significance
b.Autonomy
c.Skill variety
d.Task identity
40.Which of the following is not a specific technique that can be used for enriching a job?
a.Combine tasks to increase skill variety.
b.Establish worker-client relationships.
c.Increase direct supervision.
d.Increase employee identification with company products.