31. Which act allowed for jury trials and punitive damages in wrongful discharge suits?
A. The Civil Rights Act of 1991
B. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
C. The Equal Pay Act of 1963
D. The Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989
Because the Civil Rights Act of 1991 allowed for jury trials and “punitive” damages, in some well-known cases, the size of the awards are attention-getting.
32. Organizations that introduce _____ rating systems where low performers are systematically identified and, where necessary, eliminated from payrolls often experience quick improvement gains in the range of 40 percent.
A. forced distributions
B. paired comparisons
C. critical incident
D. alternation
The costs associated with letting poor performers stay on within the organization cannot be discounted.
33. Which of the following is not a common principle of justice?
A. Outcome justice
B. Procedural justice
C. Interactional justice
D. Task justice
Outcome fairness refers to the judgment that people make with respect to the outcomes received relative to the outcomes received by other people with whom they identify. Procedural justice focuses specifically on the methods used to determine the outcomes received. Interactional justice refers to the interpersonal nature of how the outcomes were implemented.
34. A situation where one person is losing his/her job while others are not is conducive to perceptions of _____ on the part of the discharged employee.
A. structural fairness
B. process fairness
C. procedural fairness
D. outcome fairness
Outcome fairness is the judgment that people make with respect to the outcomes received relative to the outcomes received by other people with whom they identify.
35. Although the rate of inflation is only 2 percent, Kayla receives a 6 percent increase in salary. She is nonetheless dissatisfied with her salary increase due to Bob's 9 percent increase.
Kayla is likely to contend that there is a lack of:
A. perceptual justice.
B. outcome fairness.
C. procedural justice.
D. interactional justice.
Outcome fairness is the judgment that people make with respect to the outcomes received relative to the outcomes received by other people with whom they identify.
36. _____ justice focuses specifically on the methods used to determine the outcomes received.
A. Outcome
B. Distributive
C. Procedural
D. Interactional
Procedural justice deals with how a decision was made.
37. Whereas _____ justice focuses on the ends, _____ justice focuses on means.
A. procedural; interactional
B. outcome; procedural
C. interactional; outcome
D. procedural; outcome
Outcome fairness is the judgment that people make with respect to the outcomes received relative to the outcomes received by other people with whom they identify.
Procedural justice is a concept of justice focusing on the methods used to determine the outcomes received.
38. Consistency, bias suppression, information accuracy, correctability, representativeness, ethicality are the six determinants of:
A. perceptual justice.
B. interactional justice.
C. procedural justice.
D. alternative dispute resolution.
Procedural justice is a concept of justice focusing on the methods used to determine the outcomes received.
39. Which determinant of procedural justice states that procedures are applied by a person who has no vested interest in the outcome and no prior prejudices regarding the individual?
A. Bias suppression
B. Correctability
C. Representativeness
D. Ethicality
Bias suppression is a determinant of procedural justice; it states that the procedures are applied by a person who has no vested interest in the outcome and no prior prejudices regarding the individual.
40. Explanation, consideration, social sensitivity, and empathy are key determinants of:
A. perceptual justice.
B. interactional justice.
C. procedural justice.
D. alternative dispute resolution.
Interactional justice is a concept of justice referring to the interpersonal nature of how the outcomes were implemented.