31. Making managers aware of the kinds of performance appraisal errors can improve the accuracy of their ratings. 32. There is no evidence to support claims that raters give lower performance...

31. Making managers aware of the kinds of performance appraisal errors can improve the accuracy of their ratings.

32. There is no evidence to support claims that raters give lower performance ratings to employees who are members of minority groups.

33. Raters tend to assume that women should be more helpful and cooperative than men and, as a result, women receive lower ratings when they do not engage in citizenship behaviors.

34. All types of performance ratings can suffer from inconsistency, because employee performance at one point in time is likely different from performance at another time.

35. Over time, employee performance will almost always improve as the employee learns the job and in such cases, recency should not be a problem.