27. Researchers believed that an increase in lean body mass is associated with an increase in maximal oxygen uptake. A scatterplot of the measurements taken from 18 randomly selected college athletes...

Extracted text: 27. Researchers believed that an increase in lean body mass is associated with an increase in maximal oxygen uptake. A scatterplot of the measurements taken from 18 randomly selected college athletes displayed a strong positive linear relationship between the two variables. A significance test for the null hypothesis that the slope of the regression line is 0 versus the alternative that the slope is greater than 0 yielded a p-value of 0.04. Which statement is an appropriate conclusion for the test? (A) The p-value of 0.04 indicates that 4% of the variation in maximal oxygen uptake for college athletes can be explained by the amount of lean body mass. (B) The p-value of 0.04 indicates that 16% of the variation in maximal oxygen uptake for college athletes can be explained by the amount of lean body mass. (C) The strong positive linear relationship displayed in the scatterplot along with a p-value less than 0.05 indicates that college athletes with higher lean body mass tend to have higher maximal oxygen uptake. (D) The strong positive linear relationship displayed in the scatterplot along with a p-value less than 0.05 indicates that an increase in lean body mass causes an increase in maximal oxygen uptake for college athletes. (E) A p-value less than 0.05 indicates that the relationship displayed in the scatterplot is likely due to chance, and that there is no statistical evidence of a relationship between lean body mass and maximal oxygen uptake for college athletes.