21.A rater’s failure to recall all of an employee’s pertinent job behaviors that have taken place during a rating period is called:
a.recall deficiency.
b.recall failure.
c.memory deficiency.
d.memory decay.
22.Which type of error occurs as a result of memory decay?
a.Leniency errors
b.Recency errors
c.Severity errors
d.Central tendency errors
23.Which type of rating errors lead to an employee receiving a low rating due to poor performance during the last month of a one-year rating period, despite an excellent performance record during the preceding 11 months?
a.Leniency errors
b.Central tendency errors
c.Recency errors
d.Severity errors
24.When scrutinizing charges of disparate impact in promotions, the court would specifically examine the job-relatedness of the appraisal form and ____ of the ratings.
a.fairness
b.accuracy
c.reliability
d.validity
25.When faced with a disparate treatment case related to promotion, a court would specifically examine the ____ of the ratings.
a.reliability
b.validity
c.fairness
d.accuracy
26.With ____, employee performance is evaluated relative to other employees’ performance.
a.employee substitution systems
b.employee assistance systems
c.employee comparison systems
d.employee enrichment systems
27.Which of the following instruments commonly used for appraising performance employ rankings instead of ratings?
a.Behavior observation scales
b.Management by objectives
c.360-degree feedback
d.Employee comparison systems
28.An organization using a ____ to evaluate employees performance requires raters to rank-order their employees from best to worst.
a.paired comparison
b.simple ranking
c.forced distribution
d.forced choice
29.Which type of performance appraisal system ranks employees by matching them against each other with the employee winning the most contests receiving the highest ranking?
a.Simple ranking
b.Paired comparison
c.Forced distribution
d.360-degree feedback
30.A ____ approach requires a rater to assign a certain percentage of employees to each category of excellence, such as best, average, or worst.
a.forced distribution
b.simple ranking
c.paired comparison
d.trilateral ranking