(202)Personal values and Ethical standard paper Write a 1500 word paper on the development of personal values , ground rules , and ethics Focus on the human development aspects rather than on...

Personal Values and Ethical Standards
Peronal Values and Ethical Standards8
Personal Values and Ethical Standards
Name
Institution
Personal Values and Ethical Standards
Introduction
Personal values and ethics form a great part in the life of every individual. These are the qualities that define human behaviour. A value is a conviction, a mission or a viewpoint that holds meaning. Ethics are a set of moral ideologies or values. There are various factors that influence individual ethics and values. Values and ethics are instilled from culture, background, environment, religion and beliefs which continue to manifest in one's life. Values and morals differ from one individual to another where people carry different views. However, this does not necessarily mean that the values are wrong instead they are diverse in every individual. Values and ethics are believed to manifest when individuals have a sense of right and wrong (Nevid, 2012).
Personal values and ethics or every individual develop almost from the time of birth. When the children are growing they understand right and wrong, and empathy for others develops. Most of these traits are instilled through observation where a child realises the acceptable behaviours in the environment. In most cases, parents and guardian instill ethical values in children. A child grows deriving values from the parent’s ethical codes and also life experiences. The environment that the child grows in contribute a great deal in shaping the behaviour and values. As adults, people draw past experiences and thoughts which assist in shaping their current convictions. These thoughts and past experiences act as a guide in making decisions and judgements (Nevid, 2012).
Dr. Sigmund Freud’s Theory on how Personality Values are Shaped
Dr. Sigmund Freud theory of human development is based on personality of human values. According to Freud, the human personality has three major structures. These are the id, the ego and the superego (Nevid, 2012, pp. 480-481).
The id
According to Freud theory, the id is the personality trait that consists of instincts which act as a person’s store of energy. The id is completely unconscious and has no touch with the reality. This for example, is the trait that is present in children who are driven by the idea of pleasure. Children need a care giver to satisfy their every need and this is the only thing that they are aware of in life. The baby cries when in discomfort therefore, remains in a state of anxiety until the need is satisfied. This shows that human values begin forming at a young age and develop as one matures (Nevid, 2012, pp. 480-481).
The ego
The ego is the human trait that deals with the demands of life reality. The ego works from conscious, pre-conscious and unconscious level. This according to Freud, is the executive branch of personality because it uses reason to come up with decisions. The ego is responsible for generating human social skills to interact and share with others. It is the part of the human instinct that makes individuals realise that they have to be considerate of other people’s feelings. It is also responsible for the human self-esteem because of the reasoning trait. A healthy ego results in positive deeds while a damaged ego generates...