1.Mr. M. has had the infection for a week and has developed mild ketoacidosis because of the infection. Analysis of arterial blood gases indicates that his serum bicarbonate level is low, and his...

1.Mr. M. has had the infection for a week and has developed mild ketoacidosis because of the infection. Analysis of arterial blood gases indicates that his serum bicarbonate level is low, and his serum pH is just below normal range.

2. Explain why infection may lead to ketoacidosis.

3. Describe the characteristics of Mr. M.’s respirations that you would expect to observe while ketoacidosis is present. Include the rationale for your answer.

4. If Mr. M.’s serum pH continues to decrease below normal, how would that pH affect cell and organ function?

5. Mr. M. is voiding large volumes of urine (polyuria). Explain the reason for this. 7. Describe three signs of excessive fluid loss.

6. Mr. M.’s vision has deteriorated in the last 3 years because of retinopathy. Explain how retinopathy impairs vision.

7. Describe two problems related to diabetes that Mr. M. might encounter because of his reduced vision.