18. | Political Affiliation: Spending Two random samples were drawn from members of the U.S. Congress. One sample was taken from members who are Democrats and the other from members who are...

Extracted text: 18. | Political Affiliation: Spending Two random samples were drawn from members of the U.S. Congress. One sample was taken from members who are Democrats and the other from members who are Republicans. For each sample, the number of dollars spent on federal projects in each congressper- son's home district was recorded. (i) Make a cluster bar graph showing the percentages of Congress members from each party who spent each designated amount in their respective home districts. (ii) Use a 1% level of significance to test whether congressional members of each political party spent designated amounts in the same proportions. Dollars Spent on Federal Projects in Home Districts Less than 5 to 10 More than Row Party 5 Billion Billion 10 Billion Total Democratic 8 15 22 45 Republican 12 19 16 47 Column Total 20 34 38 92


Extracted text: For Problems 9–19, please provide the following information. (a) What is the level of significance? State the null and alternate hypotheses. (b) Find the value of the chi-square statistic for the sample. Are all the expected frequencies greater than 5? What sampling distribution will you use? What are the degrees of freedom? (c) Find or estimate the P-value of the sample test statistic. (d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis of independence? (e) Interpret your conclusion in the context of the application. Use the expected values E to the hundredths place.