17.3 Short Answer Questions
1) The parathyroid glands lie on the ________ surface of the thyroid gland.
2) The ability of a target tissue to respond to a particular hormone depends on the presence of a specific ________ that will bind the hormone on or inside the target cell.
3) Changing levels of ions or nutrients in the blood are examples of ________ stimuli that cause changes in endocrine secretion.
4) Cells of the kidney produce the hormone ________, which stimulates red blood cell production.
5) Releasing and inhibiting hormones travel from the hypothalamus through a vascular ________ portal system to the anterior lobe of the pituitary.
6) The ________ hormone aldosterone is produced by the adrenal cortex to increase blood volume.
7) The pineal gland is readily observed on X-ray images because of the presence of radiopaque ________, or calcium particles.
8) The ________ consists of four endocrine cell types: A, B, D, and PP.
9) The thymic hormones are structurally ________ molecules.
10) Hyperthyroidism, known as ________ disease, is an autoimmune condition.
11) Growth hormone is produced by ________ cells of the adenohypophysis.
12) The endocrine cells of the pancreas are located within spherical bodies called ________.
13) ________ produces contraction of the smooth musculature of the male and female reproductive tracts.
14) The three layers of the adrenal cortex, from external to internal, are the zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, and zona ________.
15) The diffuse ________ system consists of endocrine cells scattered throughout the visceral organs.