15.3 Short Answer Questions
1) Vasoconstriction and bronchodilation result from stimulation by the ________ division.
2) Autonomic fibers emerging from the craniosacral region of the spinal cord belong to the ________ division.
3) Postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic system are called ________ because they release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
4) The ________ nervous system consists of complete three-neuron reflex arcs that exist entirely within the wall of the digestive tube.
5) During development, all neurons with cell bodies in the PNS derive from the ________.
6) The cell bodies of postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the pupil and lens of the eye are located in the ________ ganglion.
7) The ________ plexus is a network through which branches of the vagus pass to the intestines and liver.
8) Autonomic fibers to the pelvic organs pass through the pelvic plexus, also known as the ________ plexus.
9) Visceral reflexes that do
not
involve the CNS but instead synapse in sympathetic ganglia are called ________ reflex arcs.
10) Sympathetic preganglionic fibers leaving the thoracic spinal nerves may ascend within the ________ before synapsing so that they can exit near the head.
11) Gray rami communicantes contain ________ sympathetic fibers that travel to peripheral structures.
12) The sensation of pain from a visceral organ that is perceived in the skin or outer body is the phenomenon called ________.
13) The primary integrating center of the ANS is the ________ of the diencephalon.
14) The adrenal medulla is comprised of modified sympathetic ________ neurons which secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
15) Congenital megacolon, or Hirschsprung's disease, is a birth defect in which the ________ innervation of the distal region of the large intestine fails to develop normally.