10 problems of psych statistics. Need to show all work.
Psych 210: Addington Psych 210: Addington Spring 2020 Homework 9 (10 points) Due Date: Friday, April 24th by noon to Canvas A. A dolphin trainer wants to test the effect of food motivation on the ability for captive dolphins to learn tricks. She studies a sample of dolphins from Sea World and randomly assigns individuals to one of three food motivation conditions: low, moderate or high. The level of food motivation corresponds to the type of food given to the dolphins during training: a low-preference food, a moderately-preferred food, or a highly-preferred food. Dolphins are trained to jump through hoops in their pool and are rewarded with one of the three types of food. The trainer then measures the number of hoops successfully jumped the day after the training session. The data for the three food motivation conditions are below. Low Moderate High 14 2 9 8 6 7 8 3 10 10 2 5 9 5 5 5 6 6 9 7 7 11 6 7 13 3 7 6 7 8 Complete the following calculations BY HAND: 1. State the null and alternative hypotheses and identify the critical value of F. 2. Calculate SS Total, SS Between, and SS Within. Also calculate df Total, df Between and df Within. 3. Calculate MS Between and MS Within. Calculate the observed F-ratio, and create an ANOVA source table for the analysis. 4. What is your decision regarding the null hypothesis? State the results of the main ANOVA in nonstatistical terms. 5. Calculate the Tukey critical value for the analysis. Which food motivation conditions significantly differ from one another? 6. Write a very short paragraph (2 - 3 sentences) summarizing your ANOVA and Tukey results in APA format (see the Tukey handout for the between-subjects ANOVA for an example of APA format results). B. Dr. Quisling, a child psychologist, investigates play behavior in 4-year-olds. She is particularly interested in how young girls develop ideas about the gender appropriateness of certain toys. She conducts an experiment in which participants (4-year old girls) first interact with an adult for 10 minutes in a lab playroom. The adult models play for the child by interacting with a female-stereotyped toy (a Barbie doll), a male-stereotyped toy (a dump truck) or a gender-neutral toy (Legos). The children are then brought to a second playroom, and are given two boxes of toys: one box filled with stereotypically female toys, and another box filled with stereotypically male toys. Children are allowed to play with the toys of their choice for 30 minutes. Dr. Quisling measures the total number of minutes each child spends playing with the female-stereotyped toys. Data from the toy study are below. Complete the following analyses using SPSS: 7. Using SPSS, run a single-factor independent-measures (i.e., a oneway between-subjects) ANOVA, using an of .05. Make sure to ask for Descriptives (use the Options button); ask for a Tukey test using the Post-hoc button. Delete the ‘Homogenous Subsets’ box; provide the rest of the output file (save as a separate file, or copy and paste into a Word or PDF file). 8. Imagine that instead of having each child experience only one form of modeling, Dr. Quisling would like to re-run the study such that each child experiences all three modeling conditions. Using the same dataset listed below, assume that this time, data on the same row come from the same child (so, for example, data from the first row are from child 1, data from the second row are from child 2, etc.). Using SPSS, run a oneway within-subjects (i.e., repeated measures) ANOVA. Make sure to ask for Descriptives using the Options button. (Note: SPSS will not run post-hoc tests for within-subjects designs, so skip this part.) Delete the following boxes: ‘Mauchly’s Test of Sphericity’, ‘Tests of Within-subjects Contrasts’, ‘Tests of Between-subjects Effects’. Provide the rest of the output file. 9. List the F-observed and the Sig. Value for each output (from 7 and 8). Is the between-subjects ANOVA significant? Is the within-subjects ANOVA significant? 10. Look carefully at the descriptive statistics (means) for each analysis, and the source tables for each output (for the between-subjects analysis, look at the ‘ANOVA’ box; for the within-subjects analysis, look at the ‘Tests of Within-subjects Effects’ box, and use the ‘Sphericity Assumed’ row). What accounts for the difference in Sig. Values across the two tests? Explain this difference, making sure to use numerical values from the outputs in your explanation. Female-Stereotyped Gender Neutral Male- Stereotyped 15 14 13 14 12 10 8 9 7 19 17 15 20 16 10 22 20 20 9 5 2 15 11 6 18 18 11 10 6 3