1. Survey items that can be completed with any response chosen by the participant are called ___________ questions, whereas survey items that must be completed with one of the response options...

1. Survey items that can be completed with any response chosen by the participant are called ___________ questions, whereas survey items that must be completed with one of the response options provided by the researcher are called ___________ questions.

2. Given the outcome of the U.S. presidential election in 2008, evaluate the survey described at the beginning of this chapter. What aspects of the survey allowed the researchers to accurately predict the winner of the election?