1. Saturated air-free steam at 85°C condenses on the outer surface of 225 horizontal tubes of 12.7 mm outer diameter arranged in a 15  15 array. Tube surfaces are maintained at 75°C. Cal culate the...

1. Saturated air-free steam at 85°C condenses on the outer surface of 225 horizontal tubes of 12.7 mm outer diameter arranged in a 15
 15 array. Tube surfaces are maintained at 75°C. Cal culate the total condensation rate per metre length of the tube bundle.

2. Saturated water at 100°C is boiled with a copper heating element having a heating surface of area 0.04 m2 which is maintained at 15°C. Calculate the surface heat flux and the rate of evaporation.