1. If a score on a midterm is unusually high for a student and far above his or her mean grade in the class to date, this would represent ________________ as a source of bias in using the midterm...

1. If a score on a midterm is unusually high for a student and far above his or her mean grade in the class to date, this would represent ________________ as a source of bias in using the midterm score to measure his or her learning in the course.

2. A ___________ design is often used to prevent experimenter bias, such that neither the researcher nor the subject is aware of the condition the subject has been assigned to in the study.