1. For the pipe-flow-reducing section , , and . If and the manometer reading is , estimate the total force resisted by the flange bolts. 2. A water sprinkler consists of two 1/2-in. diameter jets at...

1. For the pipe-flow-reducing section
,
, and
. If

and the manometer reading is
, estimate the total force resisted by the flange bolts.

2. A water sprinkler consists of two 1/2-in. diameter jets at the ends of a rotating hollow rod as shown. If the water leaves at 20 fps, what torque would be necessary to hold the sprinkler in place?