1. Explain the origins and basic concepts of Islam. How similar to and different from other religions that began in Southwest Asia-such as Judaism, Christianity, and Zoroastrianism-was this new...

Extracted text: 1. Explain the origins and basic concepts of Islam. How similar to and different from other religions that began in Southwest Asia-such as Judaism, Christianity, and Zoroastrianism-was this new religious outlook? What cultural traditions combined to form Islamic religious civilization during its formative period? What were the most characteristic patterns? 2. During Late Antiquity (c. 500-1450 AD), three distinct civilizations-Byzantine, Islamic- Arab, and Frankish-emerged that could claim the mantle of the Roman Empire. Compare and contrast these civilizations as successors to Rome. Examine their origins, culture, historical development, politics, achievements, eventual fate, and impact. Which has the strongest claim to carrying on the legacies of the classical past?