1. Children begin toddlerhood with relatively uncoordinated, hesitant movement skills and ______________. a. remain this way until the next stage of development b. make amazing accomplishments in acquiring coordination and complex locomotor skills c. their locomotor skills have been easily duplicated by engineers in robots d. none of the these
2. Identify which of the following is a characteristic of children’s behavior during toddlerhood. a. high level of physical activity b. introspection c. playing team sports d. reading
3. Children gain which of the following skills as their locomotor skills develop? a. new ways of remaining close to the object of attachment b. new ways for investigating the environment c. new strategies for coping with stressful situations d. all of these
4. Advanced locomotor skills may _______________. a. increase dependence on caregivers b. decrease caregiverâs safety concerns for the child c. increase conflicts with caregivers d. decrease new struggles of willfulness between child and caregiver
5. The toddler’s preoccupation with locomotor activities such as walking, jumping, and running appears to provide the groundwork for __________________. a. lifelong movement patterns b. school performance patterns c. basic work style d. representational thinking
6. Which of the following motives helps to account for a toddler’s enthusiasm for locomotion? a. the drive for mastery b. the need for parental discipline c. the fear of failure d. the need for being protected
7. Physical activity contributes in a fundamental way to ____________. a. toddlerâs self-concept b. a parentâs mental health c. gender role development d. a fatherâs involvement with a toddler
8. According to cognitive-developmental theorist, Jean Piaget, the period from 2 to 5 or 6 is called ________________. a. sensorimotor intelligence b. Oedipal conflict c. initiative versus guilt d. preoperational thought
9. What is semiotic thinking? a. the understanding that one thing can stand for another b. the understanding of fundamental movement patterns c. the understanding of basic rules for mental manipulation d. the understanding of basic principles of self regulation
10. What is the difference between symbols and signs? a. Symbols are more powerful mental tools than signs. b. There is no direct relation between a symbol and what it stands for, but there is a direct relation between a sign and what it stands for. c. Symbols are usually related in some way to the object they stand for; signs are more abstract in that there is no direct relation between the sign and what it stands for. d. Symbols are semiotic; signs are sensorimotor.
11. As children acquire representational skills, they gain the ability to _____. a. make their wishes come true b. communicate about the past and the future c. compare their performance to the performance of others d. move more freely in the environment
12. When a child makes adjustments to the social setting that are necessary to produce and interpret communication, he or she is using which component of communicative competence? a. pragmatics b. verbatin accounts c. moral judgments d. fast mapping
13. Words are ________________. a. symbols b. signs c. sensorimotor schemes d. preoperational communications
14. An example of a representational skill is __________. a. tying a shoelace b. telling a make-believe story c. sorting blocks by color d. designing a scientific experiment
15. Mental images, symbolic drawing, and imitation in the absence of a model are examples of which of the following? a. concrete thinking b. operational schemes c. representational thinking d. hypothetico-deductive reasoning
16. The term _______ refers to the ability to use all the aspects of language necessary to participate effectively in the language environment of oneâs culture. a. telegraphic speech b. communicative competence c. grammatical transformation d. scaffolding
17. Through the achievement of communicative competence, children ________. a. become increasingly integrated into their culture b. learn when to speak and when to remain silent c. learn how to approach communication with parents, peers, and authority figures d. all of these
18. The ability to recognize language sounds before understanding the meanings is called ________. a. language perception b. verbal recognition c. language production d. telegraphic speech
19. ______ is a combination of consonants and vowels in a repetitive combination that occurs around 6 to10 months. a. Babbling b. Singing c. Talking d. Holophrasing
20. What is receptive language? a. telegraphic speech b. the ability to understand words or phrases c. holophrases d. the ability to convey meaning through words and phrases