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1. A federal government agency that is responsible for setting vehicle fuel economy standards for automobile manufacturers is conducting research in order to update its fuel economy standards for the year 2030. Automobile manufacturers, and consumers, are highly interested in what the agency's findings and determinations will be as this will affect every vehicle in the United States. The federal government agency is very interested in the relationship between the weight of a vehicle and the vehicle's fuel economy (average miles per gallon (MPG)). Specifically, the agency is concerned that if the current trend of automobile manufacturers producing heavier new vehicles continues that its fuel economy targets will not be met. The agency's research department recently collected data for analysis in order to support the agency's upcoming discussion with industry regarding its proposed 2030 fuel economy standards. The average MPG from a random sample of 750 vehicles was recently calculated by the agency. The research division also collected the vehicle weight of these 750 randomly sampled vehicles. The Vehicle Number, Type, Vehicle Weight, Average MPG, Fuel Tank Size (Gallons), Engine Size (Liters), and Meet or Not Meet Current Standards data were collected for these 750 vehicles. Agency leadership is interested in analyzing the engine sizes of this sample of 750 vehicles. (Use the mean and standard deviation of the Engine Size (L) data. Also, if appropriate based upon your visual analysis of a histogram of the Engine Size (L) data, use the Normal distribution to answer this question.) Calculate the probability of randomly selecting a vehicle with an engine size less than 2.7 L. enter your response here% (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Part 2 Calculate the probability of randomly selecting a vehicle with an engine size greater than 3.9 L. enter your response here% (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Part 3 Calculate the probability of randomly selecting a vehicle with an engine between than 3.1 L and 4.2 L. enter your response here% (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Part 4 Calculate the engine size that represents the 10th percentile of this sample. enter your response here L (Round to two decimal places as needed.) 2. Agency leadership is very interested in trend analysis. Using the 750 randomly selected vehicles as their sample, data was collected to determine which vehicles currently meet or exceed fuel economy standards and which vehicles currently do not meet fuel economy standards. This information is found in the Meet or Not Meet Current Standards column. Agency leadership asks your team to construct a 95% One-Sample proportion confidence interval for the population proportion of all vehicles that meet current fuel economy standards. Assume that all necessary Central Limit Theorem conditions for a One-Proportion confidence interval have been met. What is the 95% lower limit? enter your response here% (Round to two decimal places as needed.) What is the 95% upper limit? enter your response here% (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Using the 95% confidence interval, would it be plausible to conclude that the population proportion of vehicles that currently meet fuel economy standards is 90%? A. No, since 90% lies outside the constructed confidence interval. B. Yes, since 90% lies outside the constructed confidence interval. C. No, since 90% lies within the constructed confidence interval. D. Yes, since 90% lies within the constructed confidence interval. 3. Agency leadership decides to run a One Proportion hypothesis test to determine if the proportion of all vehicles that meet or exceed current fuel economy standards is less than90%. Assume that all necessary Central Limit Theorem conditions for a One-Proportion Z-test have been met. What is the appropriate null hypothesis in this case? The proportion of all vehicles that meet or exceed current fuel economy standards is ▼ not equal to less than greater than equal to 90%. What is the appropriate alternative hypothesis in this case? The proportion of all vehicles that meet or exceed current fuel economy standards is ▼ not equal to equal to greater than less than 90%. What is the test statistic for this hypothesis test? The test statistic is enter your response here. (Round to two decimal places as needed.) What is the p-value for this hypothesis test? The p-value is enter your response here. (Round to three decimal places as needed.) What would you conclude based on an α=0.05 level? We ▼ reject fail to reject the null hypothesis and ▼ accept do not accept the alternative hypothesis since there ▼ is is not sufficient evidence that the proportion of all vehicles that meet or exceed current fuel economy standards is ▼ greater less than 90% due to the p-value being ▼ greater less than the α level. Explain the results of your hypothesis test. What does the p-value signify? Would you say the observed outcome was unusual? If so, how unusual was the outcome? 4. Agency leadership decides to use the vehicle weight data from its random sample of 750 vehicles to estimate the mean vehicle weight of all passenger vehicles currently on the road. Construct a 95% One-Sample T confidence interval for the mean vehicle weight of all passenger vehicles currently on the road. Assume that all necessary Central Limit Theorem conditions for a One-Sample T confidence interval have been met. What is the 95% lower limit? enter your response here (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Part 2 What is the 95% upper limit? enter your response here (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Part 3 Using the 95% confidence interval, would it be plausible to conclude that the mean vehicle weight of all passenger vehicles currently on the road is 2500 pounds? A. Yes, since 2500 lies outside the constructed confidence interval. B. No, since 2500 lies outside the constructed confidence interval. C. Yes, since 2500 lies within the constructed confidence interval. D. No, since 2500 lies within the constructed confidence interval. Part 4 Explain why the agency would construct a confidence interval instead of collecting vehicle weight information of all passenger vehicles currently on the road. 5. Agency leadership decides to use the vehicle weight data from its random sample of 750 vehicles to estimate the mean vehicle weight of all passenger vehicles currently on the road. Construct a 90% One-Sample T confidence interval for the mean vehicle weight of all passenger vehicles currently on the road. Assume that all necessary Central Limit Theorem conditions for a One-Sample T confidence interval have been met. What is the 90% lower limit? enter your response here (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Part 2 What is the 90% upper limit? enter your response here (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Part 3 Using the 90% confidence interval, would it be plausible to conclude that the mean vehicle weight of all passenger vehicles currently on the road is 2400 pounds? A. No, since 2400 lies within the constructed confidence interval. B. Yes, since 2400 lies within the constructed confidence interval. C. No, since 2400 lies outside the constructed confidence interval. D. Yes, since 2400 lies outside the constructed confidence interval. Part 4 Compare your 90% confidence interval to the 95% confidence interval, (2484.92, 2569.56). Explain which confidence interval is wider and why. 6. Agency leadership decides to run a One Sample-T hypothesis test to determine if the mean vehicle weight of all passenger vehicles currently on the road is significantly different than 2600 pounds. Assume that all necessary Central Limit Theorem conditions for a One-Sample T-test have been met. Part 2 What is the appropriate null hypothesis in this case? The mean vehicle weight of all passenger vehicles currently on the road is ▼ not equal to equal to less than greater than 2600 pounds. Part 3 What is the appropriate alternative hypothesis in this case? The mean vehicle weight of all passenger vehicles currently on the road is ▼ equal to less than greater than not equal to 2600 pounds. Part 4 What is the test statistic for this hypothesis test? The test statistic is enter your response here. (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Part 5 What is the p-value for this hypothesis test? The p-value is enter your response here. (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Part 6 What would you conclude based on an α=0.05 level? We ▼ reject fail to reject the null hypothesis and ▼ accept do not accept the alternative hypothesis since there ▼ is not is sufficient evidence that the mean vehicle weight of all passenger vehicles currently on the road is ▼ not equal to equal to 2600 pounds due to the p-value being ▼ less greater than the α level. Part 7 Based upon your hypothesis test, was the observed outcome unusual? If so, how unusual was the outcome? Sheet1 Vehicle NumberTypeVehicle WeightAverage MPGFuel Tank Size (Gallons)Engine Size (L)Meet or Not Meet Current Standardsvar8 1Truck347017263.35n 2SUV30502122.93.56y 3SUV30502322.94.63y 4Truck30502322.94.12y 5Passenger Car22102516.62.95y 6SUV24202718.23.12y 7Passenger Car17903013.42.41y 8Passenger Car347018263.49n 9SUV22102816.64.19y 10Truck24202618.23.62y 11SUV347020263.51n 12Passenger Car22102616.63.89y 13Truck15803111.93.1y 14Truck17903013.44.07y 15Passenger Car32602124.52.81y 16Passenger Car32602224.53.5y 17Truck24202618.23.47y 18SUV28402521.32.87y 19Passenger Car347020264.07n 20SUV17903113.43.58y 21Passenger Car32602124.53.21y 22Truck28402321.33.17y 23Truck17903113.43.99y 24Passenger Car24202718.24.09y 25Passenger Car15803111.93.93y 26Truck15803211.93.85y 27Passenger Car28402621.32.62y 28SUV200030152.95y 29SUV32602224.53.38y 30SUV32602024.53.98n 31Truck22102716.62.8y 32Passenger Car26302619.73.58y 33Passenger Car22102716.62.35y 34Passenger Car15803111.93.25y 35Truck17903213.42.99y 36Passenger Car32602124.53.88y 37Passenger Car347020263.73n 38SUV22102816.63.12y 39SUV32602324.53.58y 40Truck17903113.43.69y 41Truck347022263.99y 42Truck30502322.92.52y 43SUV347020263.13n 44Passenger Car28402421.33.73y 45Passenger Car28402521.32.63y 46Truck22102916.63.63y 47Truck22102816.63.76y 48Passenger Car26302619.73.66y 49SUV15803111.93.53y 50Passenger Car347019263.63n 51Passenger Car24202518.23.99y 52SUV17903013.43.46y 53Passenger Car26302619.72.81y 54Passenger Car28402621.33.37y 55Passenger Car30502122.93.11y 56Passenger Car22102816.63.05y 57Truck28402521.34.28y 58SUV22102516.63.86y 59Passenger Car15803111.94.2y 60Passenger Car347021263.24y 61Truck347020263.38n 62SUV30502322.93.35y 63SUV200027153.68y 64Passenger Car347020262.95n 65Passenger Car17903113.43.3y 66Truck347021263.51y 67Truck347021263.3y 68Truck200030153.79y 69Passenger Car30502122.93.93y 70Passenger Car22102716.63.5y 71Passenger Car17903013.43.39y 72Passenger Car30502222.93.27y 73Truck347020263.3n 74SUV15803211.92.9y 75SUV15803011.92.9y 76Passenger Car17903113.43.57y 77Passenger Car24202518.24.49y 78Truck200027154.41y 79Passenger Car30502222.93.35y 80SUV32602124.52.78y 81Passenger Car200030153.47y 82SUV30502122.94.42y 83Passenger Car200026153.85y 84Passenger Car200029153.77y 85Passenger Car17902913.43.35y 86SUV28402521.33.37y 87Passenger Car200028153.05y 88Truck347020263.82n 89Passenger Car22102816.63.4y 90Truck347021263.31y 91SUV28402321.33.4y 92Truck200030154.49y 93Truck24202518.23.69y 94Truck22102716.62.87y 95Truck15803211.93.44y 96Passenger Car22102816.63.53y 97Passenger Car347020262.8n 98SUV26302419.73.76y 99Passenger Car32602224.53.11y 100Truck22102716.63.4y 101SUV30502322.93.73y 102SUV347021264.03y 103SUV30502522.93.69y 104Passenger Car26302319.74.31y 105Passenger Car17903013.43.37y 106Passenger Car32602224.53.93y 107Passenger Car15803111.93.49y 108Passenger Car200028153.07y 109Passenger Car30502322.93.36y 110Passenger Car26302619.73.15y 111Passenger Car200027154.07y 112Passenger Car32602124.53.74y 113Passenger Car22102716.64.25y 114Passenger Car200028153.47y 115SUV32602024.54.1n 116Truck24202718.22.74y 117Passenger Car26302519.74.02y 118Passenger Car26302519.73.78y 119Passenger Car26302619.73.53y 120SUV32602124.53.78y 121Truck26302419.75.05y 122Passenger Car24202618.23.84y 123Passenger Car22102816.63.8y 124Truck28402421.33.25y 125SUV15803111.93.17y 126Passenger Car17903113.44.25y 127Truck17902913